Many mentioned already are totally excellent. I am an avid user of Notepad++, CCleaner, 7Zip, VLC and Everything.
One's not mentioned but equally excellent are
SumatraPDF A pdf viewer.
Launchy An application Launcher for Windows
WizMouse WizMouse Adds Scrolling to Out of Focus Windows. This becomes so natural you will wonder why it's not already within MS windows.
Audio Switcher Allows you to switch from headphones to speakers with an icon in the notification area.
Dexpot Virtual Desktops.
Rainmeter Customised System Information
Rocketdock Another application launcher.
I use all the above daily. There are many more great free apps but they would be more niche eg MediaRenamer, Belvedere, Wireshark, Root Certificate Checker, WinFF, GIMP, Calibre.