Some Linux systems can load updated microcode at boot time (During the boot process Linux systems generally don't use the BIOS and loads its own code and than can include uploading new microcode - it is volatile so the patch has to be present on the host system). A BIOS update may include patched microcode which again is used during the boot process, but I don't think that there is way of overwriting the firmware in the processor itself as a permanent fix - but Im happy to be corrected on this)