Originally posted by Lowe
Err, not quite...
To cool the intake charge, you use water injection. And yes, that's exactly what it says on the tin. You have a small fine mister added along the pipe where the air induction line and water is misted in. This cools the hot air down even further, meaning you can play around with the ignition timing even more, and really wack the boost up to silly levels. Of course it only lasts as long as your water bottle lasts so you have to be careful.
NOS however is a catalyst, it helps the fuel burn more efficiently.
Water injection was in used in quite a few WWII aircraft engines, most notably the P-47 and BF109, although the 109 used ethanol mixed in with the water....