Romantic Love 1100-2000?
‘Love is an invention of the twelfth century’ - Charles
Seignobos
In the ancient world, love was pretty much defined by the eros, philia and agape of the Greeks. Eros represented love of the body or sexual desire; philia, a mutual attachment of friendship and Agape, or spiritual love, a word now in common usage within the Christian religion. Romantic love that we see as a sentimental feeling only took on this meaning from the twelfth century poets in France called Troubadours. The new ideas had origins in the politics of the time, particularly the rise of womens convents throughout France where women sought refuge from Catholic marriage. Romantic love was just one of many ideas arising from a spiritual and moral revolution in European culture.
What is love in the modern world?
Freud would have us believe that love and sex are not clearly distinguished, not the cynical view that love is just an expression of clearer simpler drives, but that sex represents more that stimulation of a body part, it’s a more diverse, complex concept of ‘human sexuality’. This sexuality is heavily influenced by Victorian attitudes. Our sexual discourse is filled with opposites: Gay/Straight, Unsafe Sex/Safe Sex, Procreation/Recreation, Libertine/Pure, etc. In this context you can see the underlying ideas of repression and control. Freud’s view is that ‘At any given time an individuals loving and sexual styles and possibilities are determined by repressions and controls ultimately connected to the values of the outside society’.
So what values does society have?
I’ll offer some examples, from my acquaintances, since I practise moral abstinence.
‘A guy I know picked up a girl in a bar, boned her in the local park, before going to another bar and again boning her in the toilet’
‘Another is married, but can’t help but make comments about every girl he sees in the street. He’d love to cheat on his wife, but is afraid to lose his kid’
‘Another got married to escape a financial situation. She’s still happily married four years later, although she and her husband agree it’s mainly for convenience. They hope to have a child soon.’
This is my question: Are these examples representative of the ‘styles and possibilities’ people in the modern world hold, and if so, am I the only one who feels that the values of this society are morally lacking?