Since you at least refrained from the previous use of foul language, I will take the time to reply. Each facet of your logic concerning the reasons in defence of the attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki is either flawed or missing the point. I assume you took issue with my speculation that there was a definite motive and reason for the U.S. military wanting to catalogue the effects of nuclear attack on cities. It is no more of a speculation than your belief about the true reasons why bombs were dropped on civilian targets, in any case you decided to skip the central argument about why one cannot claim the bombing of Hiroshima is justified and at the same time brand the destroying of the Twin Towers a terrorist act. I prefer to consider both as terrorism, evidently you don't.
Firstly, when you open by stating that, "The Japanese were beaten but they would not surrender (unconditionally)," one has point out your attempt to play down the use of the word unconditionally, which when used reverses the intent of your argument. No doubt you would rather have left it out completely. It is known that the Japanese were making requests for peace before the use of the atomic bomb, as a result of dissent within the Japanese leadership. The American government was simply adamant in wanting the Emperor himself, known to be viewed almost as a deity by the Japanese, to stand down unconditionally. For the ego of one Emperor, the American military would kill thousands of civilians.
Secondly, your concept that, "all previous battles across the pacific showed that the Japanese would rather die than surrender because of their warrior code." is clearly not true, the Japanese eventually did surrender perhaps when the Emperor himself felt threatened. My question is why did the American military go ahead and first drop the A-bombs on civilians, it would have been far more sensible to display its power on the Japanese military, rather than opt for the targets which house civilians. Furthermore, your claim that the Americans wanted a swift end is hardly a valid reason to target civilians, according to your reasoning, the American military should carpet nuke Iraq because that would swiftly put an end to the fighting - a view actually shared by many 'people' on certain internet forums.
Thirdly, your claim that, "estimates for Japanes casualties were 1 million+ for the military and 2 million for civilians if the yanks had invaded." is typical of an apologist argument for the use of the A-bomb. I don't know who comes up with these figures, no doubt the American military themselves do, so that people such as yourself can see how great an excuse it is. However, let me accept them, in fact you can double these if you like and it won't change anything with regard to the invalidity of it in this argument and I'll explain why. These projected figures of civilian death are undoubtedly based upon previous Dresden-style carpet bombings of cities, so really you are using projected figures from an alternative raid that I would disapprove of too. Whether we are discussing atomic or conventional methods does not matter, the point of debate is indiscriminate targetting of civilian areas. You, along with the pro-Hiroshima, pro-Dresden apologists avoid this most fundamental point entirely; perhaps you would care to address it.
Here's some interesting facts about the decisions behind the use of the bomb. The Target Committee attempted to reason their choice of targets http://www.dannen.com/decision/targets.html :
A. It was agreed that psychological factors in the target selection were of great importance. Two aspects of this are (1) obtaining the greatest psychological effect against Japan and (2) making the initial use sufficiently spectacular for the importance of the weapon to be internationally recognized when publicity on it is released.
B. In this respect Kyoto has the advantage of the people being more highly intelligent and hence better able to appreciate the significance of the weapon. Hiroshima has the advantage of being such a size and with possible focussing from nearby mountains that a large fraction of the city may be destroyed. The Emperor's palace in Tokyo has a greater fame than any other target but is of least strategic value.
Evidently, the 'intellectual' population (rather than the government) is supposed to find the bomb terrifying and somehow order their dictator Emperor to surrender. Surely if the military or the Emperor himself saw, or was subject to, the blast that would be far more convincing and strategic. If you read these reasons they seemed more interested in showing the World some power rather than showing it to the Japanese decision-makers themselves.
Regarding reasons for not striking a military target, one reason was given:
A. It was agreed that for the initial use of the weapon any small and strictly military objective should be located in a much larger area subject to blast damage in order to avoid undue risks of the weapon being lost due to bad placing of the bomb.
Apparently there was a chance of missing a target with an atomic bomb blast, and if you miss just make sure you kill some civilians at least. In an even more impressive display of logic, even though Kyoto was top of the target list at this point, the Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson vetoed Kyoto off the list due to its cultural status. Stimson "had known and admired Kyoto ever since his honeymoon there several decades earlier." So whether you were dead or not depended on whether a certain American had a nice honeymoon in your city.
Fact of the matter is that the American military value their own soldiers' lives over those of civilians generally. In the case of Iraq these are the very civilians they are supposed to protect, and in the case of Japan the civilians were seen as innocent under the, "authority and influence of those who have deceived and misled the people of Japan into embarking on world conquest" (Potsdam Declaration). It is inexcusable to bomb civilian areas for this reason. You defend the use of nuclear weapons upon Japan essentially because America was having difficulty in making Japan surrender, therefore I take it you do not have a problem with a nation using them on civilian population centres in any future war where a country is facing a tough fight. By justifying attacking civilian areas, where you know you are going to kill civilians is by definition accepting that al'Qaeda attacking the Twin Towers is a valid military strategy. This brings me to the next part of your post.
You point out that "Bin Laden wanted the US out of Saudi (which has now happened)", which is true, he did, but I don't know exactly how much of the U.S. military has actually left Saudi Arabia as yet. In any case, moving them out of Saudi Arabia, effectively giving in to his demands, but sending them into Iraq is not exactly improving the situation. You then go on to note that, "He also wants to remove the house of Saud as rulers. He may percieve that America is 'invading' muslim land but surely it's upto individual Muslim states to decide whether they want American forces on their soil." Surely in this case the "Muslim state" decision comes from the House of Saud, which is not a democratic government and does not speak for the people. You mentioned yourself that the problem is, "due to the lack of democracy in the Middle East."
If the House of Saud stepped down, then maybe we could see what the Saudi people think about the American military presence, too. Maybe they, "want American forces on their soil," just as much you want Saudi military forces on your soil. You seem to be encased in what can only be described as a dream world, on the one hand you wonder if, "the people of the countries concerned democratically allowed the US [military] on their soil" yet on the other you seem convinced that "the ordinary Iraqi does not want ... American troops in their country." If the Iraqis, with their years of secularism, do not want to play host to the American military you can be even more convinced that the Saudi people do not.
You go on to argue that, "Bin Laden would be better off using peaceful means to achieve his aims but this would not neccesarilly lead him to power, which is what this is about. Laden wants the power that is why he uses violence, it grabs the headlines, makes him important." Peaceful means may or may not lead to power, just as violent means may or may not, so I don't see your how you figured that he would be 'better off' using peaceful means. His money itself had no chance of competing with the oil-rich rulers. Has bin Laden ever made claim to any position of authority? His rhetoric is mostly about revenge but you somehow conclude it must be about ego and power. He had both before he gave them up to fight in Afghanistan. Obviously, bin Laden should have used peaceful means and hopefully he will be subject to justice for whatever crimes he commited but the fact that he is one who uses violence does not lessen the significance of the reasons why terrorism exists.
A fine example of pointing out the speck in another's eye is your question, "Whilst I agree that the Americans have screwed up bigtime in Iraq and I question their methods, what gives non-Iraqi Al-Qaida the right to fight Americans?" What gives the right of any nation or organisation to team up and fight the opposition. What gives the right of America to form a Coalition, or the Germans to be part of the Axis. In Iraq the same thing is effectively happening on both sides. Yes, al'Qaeda believe Muslims are "brothers" regardless of nation just as President Bush believes the Coalition and the people of Iraq are "brothers" who want "Freedom." What's the difference? None of these "brothers" asked to be "brothers" of Bush or bin Laden.
You have a habit of mixing up Islam, the religion, with actions of certain Muslims or government, a folly that will only encourage the thinking that Islam is defined by actions of people. You feel Islam in the Middle East must change, if you mean the teachings, no they won't and nor should they have to. If you mean the governments, which by many opinions are not Islamic anyway, as you pointed out democracy can encompass Islam. So I'm confused as to what you mean, in your last paragraph, by Islam "holding them back."
Much of my last few posts have been against the popular concept that Muslim groups are wanting to eradicate all non-Muslims regardless of their military stance toward Muslims. I reason that this notion is made up by the Western media (such figures as Billy Graham or Daniel Pipes have plenty of material that I can link to) and used by the Western governments as a tool for unquestioned military support. I believe that if the West did not give such groups a reason to start terrorism (method of creation of Israel, military presence in the Gulf, Iraq) we would not have the situation today. Consistently this most valid point of debate, the sources of terrorism, is avoided.